Chronic renel failure / Chronic Kidney Disease is the gradual decline/ loss of kidney function over a period of time. At this stage, the kidneys are no longer able to remove enough wastes and excess fluids from the body. The patient needs dialysis or a kidney transplant.Chronic kidney disease is identified by a blood test for creatinine.If it is high,indicates glomerular filtration rate ,decrease in excreting waste products..

Risk factors,causes:

-Diabetes and high blood pressure(hypertension) are the most common risk factors
-Polycystic Kidney Disease
-Glomerulonephritis
-Certain toxins
-Autoimmune disorders
-Kidney stones and infection
-Injury/trauma
-Arteriosclerosis
-Hypertensive Nephropathy
-Some medication such as cancer drugs

Symptoms:

-Accumulation of Urea
-Retinopathy
-Bone pain
-Excessive thirst,loss of appetite which leads to weight loss
-Amenorrhea
-Nausea,Fatigue,vomiting
-Headaches
-Hypocalcemia
-Hyperphosphatemia (due to reduced phosphate excretion)
-Erythropoietin
-Brown Nails & Yellow /lack of color in the skin
-Pulmonary & Peripheral oedema
-Increased blood pressure

Treatments:

-Control blood pressure
-Control Blood sugar level
-You may need to limit fluids.
-Do not smoke
-Eat foods low in cholestrol,control the level
-Less intake of salt,potassium,phosphorous
-Take calcium and vitamin D
-Follow a regular exercise
When the kidney function becomes more severe, you have to go for dialysis or a kidney transplant depends on the symptoms and severity.
Treating the condition that is causing the problem may help prevent or delay chronic kidney disease.